How to use Case Converter
The Case Converter transforms text between any combination of cases instantly: UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, Sentence case, camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, kebab-case and CONSTANT_CASE. It handles Unicode characters correctly, making it suitable for international text, and is indispensable for reformatting variable names when switching between programming languages, standardising data imports, and fixing text pasted from ALL CAPS PDFs.
- Paste or type the text you want to transform into the input area.
- Click the desired case format button — the output updates instantly.
- For programming cases (camelCase, snake_case, etc.), the tool treats spaces, hyphens and underscores as word boundaries.
- For Title Case, the tool respects common style guides by keeping short prepositions and articles in lowercase (e.g., "of", "the", "and").
- Copy the result with the Copy button or use Ctrl+A in the output field.
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Programming naming conventions
Different programming languages and ecosystems have established naming conventions that improve code readability and consistency. camelCase (firstName, totalAmount) is standard in JavaScript and Java for variables and functions. PascalCase (FirstName, UserController) is used for classes and components in most languages, and for all identifiers in C#. snake_case (first_name, total_amount) is the Python convention for variables and functions (PEP 8). kebab-case (first-name, user-profile) is used for HTML attributes, CSS class names, URL slugs and CLI flags. CONSTANT_CASE (MAX_RETRIES, BASE_URL) indicates compile-time or module-level constants across most languages.
| Convention | Example | Common use |
|---|---|---|
| camelCase | myVariableName | JS/TS variables and functions, Java fields |
| PascalCase | MyClassName | Classes, interfaces, React components, C# identifiers |
| snake_case | my_variable_name | Python variables/functions, Ruby, SQL columns |
| kebab-case | my-component-name | HTML, CSS classes, URL slugs, CLI flags |
| CONSTANT_CASE | MAX_VALUE | Constants, environment variables, enum members |
| UPPER_CASE | FIRST NAME | Headings in forms, printed documents |
Title Case style guide differences
There is no single universal Title Case standard — different style guides disagree on which words to capitalise. AP Style (Associated Press), used in journalism, capitalises all words except articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet) and prepositions with fewer than four letters when they are not the first or last word. Chicago Manual of Style capitalises all words except articles, prepositions of any length and coordinating conjunctions. APA Style capitalises all major words in titles of four letters or more. This tool applies a sensible default (AP-like) that satisfies most use cases.
Worked examples
Three case styles
Inputs: 'hello world'
Result: UPPER HELLO WORLD · Title Hello World · iNVERSE hELLO wORLD
To camelCase
Inputs: 'user first name'
Result: userFirstName
To snake_case
Inputs: 'User First Name'
Result: user_first_name
Glossary
- camelCase
- A naming convention where the first word is lowercase and each subsequent word starts with an uppercase letter.
- PascalCase
- Like camelCase but with the first letter also capitalised; used for class and type names.
- snake_case
- Words separated by underscores, all lowercase; standard in Python and SQL.
- kebab-case
- Words separated by hyphens; used in URLs, CSS class names and CLI flags.
- Title Case
- A capitalisation style where major words in a heading or title start with an uppercase letter.
Related reading
Frequently Asked Questions
Why use Case Converter?
- Converts between nine named cases — including camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case — in a single click
- Processes Unicode characters correctly, preserving accented letters and non-Latin scripts
- Title Case mode follows AP Style rules, automatically keeping short prepositions in lowercase
- Recognises spaces, hyphens and underscores as word boundaries for accurate programming-case outputs
Common use cases
- Reformat a Python variable name in snake_case to camelCase when porting logic to JavaScript
- Fix a block of text accidentally typed in CAPS LOCK before inserting it into a document
- Generate consistent kebab-case URL slugs from article titles entered in mixed case
- Convert column header names from Title Case to CONSTANT_CASE for use as environment variable keys
- Standardise a pasted list of brand names to Title Case for a product catalogue CSV export
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